Immigration and emigration rates
Migration, both domestic and international, is one of the three demographic components that determine the size, structure and distribution of the population in a territory.
In this way, Immigration and emigration rates is broadly defines as “the difference between the number of persons entering and leaving a country during the year per 1,000 persons (based on midyear population). An excess of persons entering the country is referred to as net immigration (e.g., 3.56 migrants/1,000 population); an excess of persons leaving the country as net emigration (e.g., -9.26 migrants/1,000 population). The net migration rate indicates the contribution of migration to the overall level of population change. The net migration rate does not distinguish between economic migrants, refugees, and other types of migrants nor does it
Globally, According to the CIA Colombia is in the position number 133 in the world ranking according to their migration rates.
Taking into account the previous definition given, the -6.0 represent an excess of people leaving the country in the course of 2016, known as the net migration rate.
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In the following table and its respective graph it is shown the migratory flows of Colombians and foreigners between the years 2007 and 2015, in other words the movement of people from one place to another.
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Table 1: Colombian and foreign flows
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In the graph the horizontal axis represents the variation in years of migrations and the vertical axis represents the number of people who move from one place to another.
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Taking into account the above, from the table and its respective graph it is possible to affirm that the behavior of the total migratory flows for the period 2007-2015, presents an exponential growth with an average annual variation rate of 9%, in the Which 51% of the registers are movements of exits and the remaining 49% to the entry of national and foreign citizens to the country. Comparing 2014 with 2015 shows a growth of 5%, that is, an increase of 618,266 migratory records in the country.
In terms of exits and entries of foreigners, a table and its respective graph are presented below. These shows a comparative table of the entries and exits registers from the years 2007 to 2015.
Table 2: records of entries and exits from years 2007 to 2015
In the graph, the horizontal axis represents the variation in years of migrations and the vertical axis represents the total of foreigners who move from one country to another, whether they are entries, exits or the sum between both.
Taking into account the above, it is observed in the table and in the graph that the behavior of the total migratory flows of foreign travelers, for the period 2007-2015, has an upward trend in its travel with an average annual rate of change of 9%, In which 50.0% of the records are movements of entries and the remaining 49.5% correspond to records of exit.
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On the other hand, in terms of the outings and entries of Colombian travelers; below there is a table and its respective graph with information about the entries and exits of Colombians is shown in the years 2007 to 2015.
Table 3: Comparative table of the entry and exit records of Colombians over the years 2007 to 2015.
In the graph the horizontal axis represents the variation in years of migrations and the vertical axis represents the total of Colombian foreigners who move from one country to another, whether they are entries, exits or the sum between both.
Taking into account the above, it is observed in the table and in the graph that the behavior of the total migratory flows of Colombian travelers during the 2007-2015 period, presents an upward trend in its route with the exception of the years 2009 and 2015, with a rate Average annual variation of 9%. 2012 was the one with the greatest acceleration in the period, with an increase of 25% compared to the previous year. On the other hand, 48% of the registered correspond to incoming movements and the remaining 52% correspond to departures. During 2015, there is a decrease of 1% in the migratory movements of Colombians compared to 2014, in which 50.0% of the registrations are movements of entries and the remaining 49.5% correspond to exit records.
Based on the information above, it is possible to conclude that between 2007 and 2015 there was an exponential growth with an average annual variation rate of 9% in terms of departures and arrivals of both, foreigners and Colombian travelers and also from the total of both. For foreign travelers and domestic travelers, it is concluded that more people came into the country than they left. However the percentage that represents these exits and entrances is quite small and insignificant. As a result it is possible to conclude that high levels of migration can cause problems such as increasing unemployment and potential ethnic strife (if people are coming in) or a reduction in the labor force, perhaps in certain key sectors (if people are leaving).
Referencies:
https://www.dane.gov.co/index.php/estadisticas-por-tema/demografia-y-poblacion/movilidad-y-migracion
/library/publications/the-world-factbook/docs/notesanddefs.html?fieldkey=2112&term=Net%20migration%20rate
http://migracioncolombia.gov.co/phocadownload/Boletin%20estadistico%202015%20espanol.pdf